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荟萃心理学各领域新进展、新动态
近期,中心窦凯课题组17级创新班成员方佳慧同学(已毕业,赴华南师范大学读研)在核心期刊《中国临床心理学杂志》(CSSCI)上发表题为“伴侣手机冷落对关系满意度的影响:孤独感的中介作用”研究论文,揭示了伴侣手机冷落行为对关系满意度潜在影响机制。方佳慧为本文第一作者,窦凯副教授为通讯作者。
手机冷落行为(Phubbing)是一个新兴的合成词汇,来自“手机(phone)”和“冷落(snubbing)”两个词汇,形容人们因忙于处理手机而对周围的人造成冷落、逃避人际交流的行为(Chotpitayasunondh & Douglas, 2016)。伴侣手机冷落行为是指一个人在和伴侣在一起时只顾低头玩手机而冷落伴侣的行为(partner phubbing; Roberts & David, 2016)。伴侣手机冷落行为会影响亲密度、沟通联系和交谈质量(Utami, Anam & Noorrizki, 2020),还可能预测伴侣抑郁的出现(Wang et al., 2017)。对伴侣忽视而投入虚拟网络中的行为势必会对亲密关系产生不良影响(Wang, Zhao & Lei, 2019)。
鉴于手机冷落在恋爱伴侣中普遍存在,探讨伴侣手机冷落对亲密关系满意度的影响具有重要的理论与实践意义。
伴侣手机冷落行为如何影响关系满意度?
本研究以179对普通大学生异性恋情侣为研究对象(恋爱时长半年以下124人,半年至一年50人,一年至三年126人,三年以上58人),测量了情侣被试的手机冷落行为、孤独感和关系满意度等。情侣被试在编号上进行匹配,编号由四位数组成,前三位为情侣对数量,第四位为性别。其中,在对于手机冷落行为的测量上,以往研究多为被试自评,但由于移动设备自身特点以及社会赞许性等因素,人们常常会大大低估自己的手机使用时间(Kildare & Middlemiss, 2017),这可能会降低结论的可靠性与科学性。因此本研究采用情侣自评与他评相结合的方法测量被试的手机冷落行为,被试手机冷落行为总得分为自评得分与伴侣对其评价得分的总和。
图1 情侣被试匹配流程图
使用Mplus8.4软件检验了伴侣手机冷落行为对关系满意度的直接影响,孤独感在伴侣手机冷落行为和关系满意度二者间的中介效应及性别的差异检验。
图2 理论模型图
结果发现
本研究结果不仅拓展了伴侣手机冷落行为的研究,还为亲密关系的健康发展提供了指导。
①避免移动设备对亲密关系“扣分”
情侣应意识到手机冷落行为对关系满意度的不良影响,增加自制力、降低错失恐惧、拓展情绪表达方式、养成良好智能手机使用习惯。《》曾指出,情侣间需要有“没有移动设备的神圣空间”,以此隔绝手机的影响,培养双方感情。
②让移动设备给亲密关系“加分”
科技产品不是只会破坏感情,如果正确使用,它也能让情侣们更亲密。情侣们可以一起观看视频、一起听音乐,当另一方不在身边时可以通过社交媒体增加交流等。
课题基金
本研究得到国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800938),广东省哲学社会科学规划 2022 年度一般项目(GD22CXL05)、广州市哲学社会科学发展“十三五”规划2020年度一般课题(2020GZYB92)和广州市教育科学规划2021年度重点课题(202113700)的资助。
引用本文(APA)
方佳慧, 窦凯. (2022). 伴侣手机冷落与关系满意度的关系:孤独感的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 30(6), 1428-1432.
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